|
In linguistics, a clipped compound is a word produced from a compound word by reducing its parts while retaining the meaning of the original compound.〔Elisa Mattiello, "An Introduction to English Slang: A Description of Its Morphology, Semantics and Sociology", 2008, ISBN 8876991131, (pp. 146-148 )〕 It is a special case of word formation called clipping. Clipped compounds are common in various slangs and jargons.〔 Clipped compounds are similar to blend words because they may be made of two or more parts. However they differ from blends: in a blend the components may have independent meaning (motel= motor+hotel), while in a clipped compound the components were already in the function of producing a compound meaning (pulmotor=pulmonary motor).〔 In addition, a clipped compound may drop one component completely, e.g., "hard" for "hard labor", "mother" for "motherfucker" (a process called ellipsis).〔 Laurie Bauer suggests the following distinction: if the word has the compound stress, it is clipping, if it has a single-word stress, it is blend.〔Laurie Bauer, English Word-Formation (1983), Cambridge, “Cambridge textbooks in linguistics”, Cambridge University Press, 1993. 〕 Clipped compounds may overlap with acronyms, especially for compounds of short constituent words. In the Russian language, a clipped compound may acquire extra suffixes indicative of the intended grammar of the formed word. In particular, the suffx '-k-' is commonly used, e.g., ''askorbinka'' for ''askorbinovaya kislota'' (ascorbic acid).〔Larissa Ryazanova-Clarke, Terence Wade, ''The Russian Language Today'', 2002, ISBN 0203065875, (p. 49 )〕 Compound clipping is a common form of ''gairaigo'' formation in Japanese language, e.g., "convenience store" -> ''conbinientsu sutoa'' -> ''consuto'' (this particular term has a number of other gairaigo forms).〔Mark Irwin, ''Loanwords in Japanese'', 2011, ISBN 9027205922, (p. 130 )〕 ==See also== Portmanteau 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「clipped compound」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|